| Alar: |
The fold of skin that forms the outside wall of the nostril |
| Alar base reduction: |
Procedures designed to narrow the width of the nostrils |
| Ante helical fold: |
The fold in the ear cartilage that runs parallel to the outer rim of the ear an creates the curve that keeps the ear from sticking out. |
| Blepharoplasty: |
A procedure in which excess fat, muscle, and skin is removed from either or both the upper and lower eyelids to redefine the shape of the eye |
| Bossing or Boxy tip: |
A square shaped nasal tip related to the shape of the lower lateral cartilages |
| Cartilage: |
Cartilage is a type of tissue in your body that forms part of the skeleton it is like bone but is more flexible and can bend and take different shapes. Your ear and nose are composed primarily of cartilage. The 3 nasal cartilages are septal cartilage, upper lateral and lower lateral cartilages. |
| Caudal: |
That end furthest away from the top of the head |
| Cephalic rim resection: |
Removal of some of the superior margin of the lower lateral cartilage. |
| Columella: |
skin covered front partition between the two nostrils the deep components are the medial crus of the lower lateral cartilage and the caudal end of the septum. |
| Columella strut: |
A supportive strut of cartilage placed between the lower lateral cartilages to support and project the tip |
| Columella show: |
When there is excessive length of the caudal septal cartilage giving an unattractive appearance of an prominent columella. |
| Conchal Bowl: |
This is the bowl shaped area that lies around and behind the opening of the ear canal. Variants in the shape of this can render the external ears prominent. |
| Cranial: |
To do with the head or the end closest to the top of the head. |
| Dorsum: |
The bridge of the nose |
| Dome: |
The apex of the lower lateral cartilage ie the intermediate crus at the junction of the medial and lateral crura. |
| Dorsal: |
Referring to the dorsum |
| Grafts: |
Portions of tissue taken either from other parts of the nose or other parts of the body used reconstruct, reinforce or alter the nose. Frequently used in revsion surgery the sites of harvest include the nasal septum, ear cartilage and rib cartilage. Sometimes alloplastic materials (implants) are also used. |
| Hump: |
A bump on the bridge of the nose |
| Hump reduction: |
Removing a bump on the bridge of the nose |
| Lower lateral cartilage (LLC): |
The cartilages that make up the lower third (tip) of the nose. The LLC are paired, one for each side of the nose they are composed of a medial crus and intermediate crus and a lateral crus. They are the primary structure contributing to the shape of the nasal tip. |
| Implants: |
Alloplastic materials used to reinforce or reconstruct portions of the nasal structure that have been damaged or removed by trauma or previous surgery. Medpor? (Sheffmed) is one such material. |
| Inferior: |
lower, ie the inferior cartilage sits below the superior. |
| Nasal Bones: |
The small paired nasal bones that make up the bony nasal component along with the nasal process of the maxilla |
| Nasal sill: |
The small skin step separating the upper lip with the nostril |
| Nasal tip: |
The tip of the nose, the lower one third of the nose composed of the paired lower lateral cartilages |
| Nasion: |
The recessed area seen on profile that is just below the eyebrows and is considered to be where the nose “starts”. Ideally it should be at the same level as the tips of the upper eyelashes. It corresponds to the nasofrontal suture line. |
| Nostril: |
The paired holes in the nose where air passes in and out when breathing |
| Medial and Lateral: |
Inwards and outwards |
| Osteotomy: |
A cut made in the nasal bones such that the bones can be made mobile. This allows the bones to be moved in or out to narrow or widen a nose respectively. There are usually both medial and lateral osteotomies. Osteotomies are also performed to reshape a broken or twisted nose. |
| Open roof: |
The open space on the back of the nasal bones left after hump reduction and before infracture. |
| Quadrangular cartilage: |
See septum |
| Projection: |
The distance between the tip of the nose and the facial plan. ie the amount the nose juts out from the face |
| Ptosis: |
Drooping, usually refers to the nasal tip in patients with poor tip support and under rotation |
| Rhinion: |
The dorsal junction of the nasal bones and cartilages |
| Rotation: |
Rotation refers to the position of the tip relative to the upper lip. A “ superiorly rotated tip” is pushed away from the upper lip. (Too much rotation causes excessive nostril show). A n under-rotated tip brings the tip closer to the lip, as occurs when the tip of has poor support and is ptotic. An ideal tip is slightly rotated up particularly in women. Septum: The partition between the right and left nasal cavities made of both cartilage and bone. |
| Septoplasty: |
An operation designed to straighten a septum that is deflected into one or both sides of the nasal cavity. A deviatedseptum causes the nasal passages to become very narrow and impairs breathing. |
| Supratip: |
The area just above the tip of the nose that separates the nasal dorsum from the tip of the nose. |
| Turbinate: |
Longitudinal ridge inside the nasal airway that increase the surface area of the nasal cavity in order to warm, humidify and filter inspired air. When too large the turbinates can cause nasal obstruction. |
| Upper lateral cartilage: |
Paired triangular shaped cartilages attached to the nasal bones above and the nasal septum in the midline. They give support to the mid nasal vault. |
| Valve: |
both external and internal valves are the narrowest portion of the nasal airway and can often be involved in obstruction. |
| Vestibule: |
The area inside the nose just inside the nostril |
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